beat
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hit: 人や物を打ったりたたいたりすることをいう最も一般的な語. 手や棒を使って人や物をすばやく打つことをいい, ねらいを定めて通例1回打つことをいう
strike: 〘かたく〙 で, 手や武器を使って人や物を強く打つこと
punch: 特にけんかのときに握りこぶしで人や物をできるだけ強くなぐることをいう
beat: 手や棒で何度も, 通例強くたたくこと
knock: 訪問を知らせるためにドアをたたいたり, 何かをすばやい動きでたたいて落とさせたり移動させたり, 人を激しくたたくときに用いる
slap: 手の平で顔など平らな面をぴしゃりとたたくこと
bang: 何かを大きな音がするくらい激しくたたくこと
verb (past beat; past participle beaten |ˈbētn| ) with object
1. strike (a person or an animal) repeatedly and violently so as to hurt or injure them, typically with an implement such as a club or whip:
«…を使って/試合などで» (続けざまに)…を(激しく)打つ［たたく］, 連打する «with/in» (!strike, hitは1度だけ打つこと) ; (懲罰として)〈子供など〉を手［鞭（むち）, 棒］で何度もぶつ, 折檻（せっかん）する
e.g. if we were caught we were beaten
e.g. the victims were beaten to death with baseball bats
e.g. they beat me with a stick and punched me.
strike (an object) repeatedly so as to make a noise:
〈人が〉〈ドラム･太鼓など〉をたたく
e.g. he beat the table with his hand.
no object (of an instrument) make a rhythmical sound by being struck:
〈ドラム･太鼓などが〉リズム［合図(の音)］を打つ, 鳴る
e.g. drums were beating in the distance.
strike (a carpet, blanket, etc.) repeatedly in order to remove dust.
«…から» 〈ほこりなど〉をたたき出す(away, off) «out of»
flatten or shape (metal) by striking it repeatedly with a hammer:
〈金属など〉をたたいて薄くする, 打延して «…に» する «into, to»
e.g. pure gold can be beaten out to form very thin sheets.
(beat something against/beat something on) strike something against (something):
〖～ A against B〗 Aを繰り返しBに打ち付ける
e.g. she beat her fists against the wood.
no object (beat on/beat against) strike repeatedly on:
〖～＋副詞〗 (続けざまに)〈人が〉 «…を» (激しく)打つ［たたく］, 殴打する «on, against, at»
e.g. Sidney beat on the door with the flat of his hand.
no object (beat at) make striking movements toward:
e.g. Emmie seized the hearthrug and began to beat at the flames.
move across (an area of land) repeatedly striking at the ground cover in order to raise game birds for shooting.
〘狩猟〙 〈草地など〉を棒で打って 【獲物を】追い出す «for»
2. defeat (someone) in a game, competition, election, or commercial venture:
〈人が〉 【競技などで】〈相手〉を打ち破る, …に打ち勝つ «at» ; 〈競争など〉に勝利する
e.g. she beat him easily at chess
e.g. the Senators beat out the Yankees for the 1933 pennant.
overcome (a problem or disease):
｟くだけて｠ 〈障害･問題など〉を解決［打破］する
e.g. he beat heroin addiction in 1992
e.g. they are investing their savings in hopes of beating inflation.
do or be better than (a record or score):
｟ややくだけて｠ 〈従来の記録など〉を上回る
e.g. he beat his own world record.
informal be better than:
｟主に話｠ 〈物などが〉…にまさる, …より優れる, …をしのぐ; 〖～ doing〗 …することにまさる, …するより楽しい (!進行形にしない)
e.g. you can't beat the taste of fresh raspberries.
informal baffle:
｟くだけて｠ 〈困難な問題などが〉〈人〉を圧倒する, 困らせる, うんざり［閉口］させる
e.g. it beats me how you manage to work in this heat.
3. succeed in getting somewhere ahead of (someone):
｟くだけて｠ 〈人･物などが〉 【場所･事に至るのに】…に先行する «to» ; 〈期限など〉に先だって仕事を終える
e.g. the goalie beat him to the ball
e.g. I could beat him on my bicycle.
take action to avoid (difficult or inconvenient effects of an event or circumstance):
(早めの行動で)〈混雑など〉を避ける
e.g. they set off early to beat the traffic.
4. no object (of the heart) pulsate:
〈心臓･脈が〉打つ, 鼓動［拍動］する
e.g. her heart beat faster with panic.
5. (of a bird) move (the wings) up and down.
〈鳥･昆虫などが〉〈羽〉を上下にばたつかせる(flap)
no object (of a bird) fly making rhythmic wing movements:
〈鳥･昆虫などの羽が〉(ばたばたと)上下に動く
e.g. an owl beat low over the salt marsh.
6. stir (cooking ingredients) vigorously with a fork, whisk, or beater to make a smooth or frothy mixture.
〘料〙 〈卵･クリームなど〉を強く混ぜる, 泡立てる(up)
7. (beat it) informal leave:
｟くだけた話｠ 〖しばしば命令文で〗さっさと逃げろ, ずらかれ; とっととうせろ, 出て行け.
e.g. in imperative : now beat it, will you!
8. no object, with adverbial of direction Sailing sail into the wind, following a zigzag course with repeated tacking:
e.g. we beat southward all that first day.
noun
1. a main accent or rhythmic unit in music or poetry:
〘韻律〙 (詩行の)リズム, 韻律; 強勢音
e.g. the glissando begins on the second beat.
a strong rhythm in popular music:
〘楽〙 拍子, リズム, ビート; 強拍音(→ upbeat, downbeat)
e.g. the music changed to a funky disco beat.
in singular a regular, rhythmic sound or movement:
e.g. the beat of the wipers became almost hypnotic.
the sound made when something, especially a musical instrument, is struck:
e.g. he heard a regular drumbeat.
a pulsation of the heart.
(心臓の)鼓動; 脈拍(→ heartbeat)
a periodic variation of sound or amplitude due to the combination of two sounds, electrical signals, or other vibrations having similar but not identical frequencies.
2. the movement of a bird's wings.
(鳥･昆虫などの)羽ばたき, 羽をばたつかせること
3. an area allocated to a police officer to patrol:
(警官･警備員などの)巡回［パトロール］地区, 持ち場; (新聞記者などの)取材場所, 持ち場
e.g. public clamor for more police officers on the beat
e.g. a patrolman who strived to make his beat a safe one.
a spell of duty allocated to a police officer:
e.g. her beat ended at 6 a.m.
an area regularly frequented by someone, typically a prostitute.
informal a person's area of interest:
e.g. his beat is construction, property, and hotels.
4. a brief pause or moment of hesitation, typically one lasting a specified length:
〖a ～〗 (1拍分の)休止, 一瞬の間（ま）.
e.g. she waited for a beat of three seconds. from the use of a stage direction referring to such a pause.
5. informal short for beatnik.
〖通例B-〗ビート族(の人)(beatnik)(↓ Beat Generation)
adjective
1. predicative informal completely exhausted:
｟くだけて｠ ; 〖be ～〗 〈人が〉へとへとに疲れ切って(exhausted)
e.g. I'm dead beat.
2. attributive relating to the beat generation or its philosophy:
〖名詞の前で〗ビート族の(↓ Beat Generation)
e.g. beat poet Allen Ginsberg.
PHRASES
beat someone at their own game
see game1.
beat one's breast
see breast.
beat the bushes
North American informal search thoroughly:
e.g. I was out beating the bushes for investors to split the risk.
beat the clock
perform a task quickly or within a fixed time limit.
beat the drum for
see drum1.
beat one's meat (or beat the meat)
vulgar slang (of a man) masturbate.
beat the pants off
informal prove to be vastly superior to.
beat a path to someone's door
(of a large number of people) hasten to make contact with someone regarded as interesting or inspiring, or in association with whom one stands to profit.
beat a retreat (beat a hasty retreat)
withdraw, typically in order to avoid something unpleasant:
e.g. as the bombs started to go off, they beat a hasty retreat across the field.
beat the system
succeed in finding a means of getting around rules, regulations, or other means of control.
beat time
indicate or follow a musical tempo with a baton or other means.
beat someone to it
succeed in doing something or getting somewhere before someone else, to their annoyance.
to beat all ——s
that is infinitely better than all the things mentioned:
e.g. a PC screen saver to beat all screen savers.
to beat the band
North American informal in such a way as to surpass all competition:
e.g. they were talking to beat the band.
beat all
be amazing or impressive:
e.g. well, that beats all.
beat around (or beat about) the bush
discuss a matter without coming to the point.
beat someone's brains out
see brain.
beat the hell out of informal
1. beat (someone) very severely.
2. surpass or defeat easily.
totally confuse or puzzle (someone).
beat the shit out of
vulgar slang beat (someone) very severely.
miss a beat
see miss1.
PHRASAL VERBS
beat someone back
force (someone attempting to do something) to retreat:
e.g. I tried to get in but was beaten back by the flames.
beat down
(of the sun) radiate intense heat and brightness.
(of rain) fall hard and continuously.
beat something down
quell defense or resistance.
beat someone down
force someone to reduce the price of something.
beat off
vulgar slang (of a man) masturbate.
beat someone/something off
succeed in resisting an attacker or an attack.
win against a challenge or rival.
beat something out
1. produce a loud, rhythmic sound by striking something:
e.g. he beat out a rhythm on the drums.
2. extinguish flames by striking at them with a suitable object.
beat someone up
1. assault and severely injure someone by hitting, kicking, or punching them repeatedly.
2. abuse someone verbally.
beat up on North American
1. assault and severely injure someone by hitting, kicking, or punching them repeatedly:
e.g. he apparently loves fighting so much that he beats up on his own teammates.
2. abuse someone verbally:
e.g. they like listening to them beat up on the president.
DERIVATIVES
beatable adjective
ORIGIN
Old English bēatan, of Germanic origin.