spell
$ \mathrm{spell}^1 |spel|
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source: plot explanation - Chihiro's name turning to Sen - Movies & TV Stack Exchange
verb (past and past participle spelled |speld| or chiefly British spelt |spelt| ) with object
write or name the letters that form (a word) in correct sequence:
〈人が〉〈語〉をつづる, …のつづりを言う, 書く; 〖～ A (as) B〗 AをBとつづる (!〖名詞〗としては用いない→ spelling)
e.g. Dolly spelled her name
(正しく)語をつづる; 語のつづりを言う, 書く
e.g. no object : journals have a house style about how to spell.
(of letters) make up or form (a word):
〈文字が〉(つづられて)〈語〉になる (!受け身にしない)
e.g. the letters spell the word “how.”.
be recognizable as a sign or characteristic of:
e.g. she had the chic, efficient look that spells Milan.
lead to:
｟話｠ 〈事が〉 «…にとって» 〈好ましくない結果〉を招く, もたらす; 〈好ましくない事〉を意味する «for» (!進行形にしない)
e.g. the plans would spell disaster for the economy.
PHRASAL VERBS
spell something out
speak the letters that form a word in sequence.
explain something in detail:
e.g. I'll spell out the problem again.
DERIVATIVES
spellable adjective
ORIGIN
Middle English: shortening of Old French espeller, from the Germanic base of spell2.
$ \mathrm{spell}^2 |spel|
noun
a form of words used as a magical charm or incantation.
呪文, まじない; 呪文, まじないの文句
a state of enchantment caused by a magic spell:
e.g. the magician may cast a spell on himself.
an ability to control or influence people as though one had magical power over them:
〖通例単数形で〗魔力, 魔法; 魅力
e.g. she is afraid that you are waking from her spell.
PHRASES
under a spell
not fully in control of one's thoughts and actions, as though in a state of enchantment.
under someone's spell
so devoted to someone that they seem to have magic power over one:
e.g. throughout her long life people fell under her spell.
ORIGIN
Old English spel(l)‘narration’, of Germanic origin.
$ \mathrm{spell}^3 |spel|
noun
a short period:
しばらくの間
e.g. I want to get away from racing for a spell.
a period spent in an activity:
(活動･仕事の)一時期; 一仕事; «…の» 順番, 交替 «at, on»
e.g. a spell of greenhouse work.
a period of a specified kind of weather:
(ある天候が続く)期間, 一続き
e.g. an early cold spell in autumn.
a period of suffering from a specified kind of illness:
(病気の)一時期, 発作
e.g. she plunges off a yacht and suffers a spell of amnesia.
Australian/NZ a period of rest from work.
｟豪･ニュージー｠ 休息時間.
verb with object
chiefly North American allow (someone) to rest briefly by taking their place in some activity:
｟主に米･豪｠ (しばらくの間)〈人〉と交替する; (代わって)〈人〉を休ませる.
e.g. I got sleepy and needed her to spell me for a while at the wheel.
no object Australian/NZ take a brief rest:
｟豪｠ 休息する
e.g. I'll spell for a bit.
ORIGIN
late 16th century: variant of dialect spele‘take the place of’, of unknown origin. The early sense of the noun was ‘shift of relief workers’.
$ \mathrm{spell}^4 |spel|
noun
a splinter of wood.
ORIGIN
late Middle English: perhaps a variant of obsolete speld‘chip, splinter’.