hammer
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noun
1. a tool with a heavy metal head mounted at right angles at the end of a handle, used for jobs such as breaking things and driving in nails.
金づち, つち, ハンマー
a machine with a metal block for giving a heavy blow to something.
an auctioneer's mallet for indicating by a sharp tap that an article is sold.
(議長･裁判官･競売人の)木づち
a part of a mechanism that hits another part to make it work, such as one exploding the charge in a gun or one striking the strings of a piano.
(銃の)撃鉄, 打ち金;〘楽〙 (ピアノの)ハンマー; (木琴の)打棒; (ベル･時計･ゴングの)打ち子
2. a metal ball, typically weighing 16 pounds (7.3 kg), attached to a wire for throwing in an athletic contest.
〘スポーツ〙 (陸上競技用の)ハンマー
(the hammer) the sport of throwing a metal ball attached to a wire.
〖the ～〗 ハンマー投げ
3. another term for malleus.
〘解剖〙 (中耳の)槌骨（つちこつ）
verb with object
1. hit or beat (something) with a hammer or similar object:
〈物〉を金づちでたたく
e.g. they are made by heating and hammering pieces of iron.
no object strike or knock at or on something violently with one's hand or with a hammer or other object:
«…を» 金づちでたたく, ドンドンたたく(away) «against, on, at»
e.g. she hammered on his door.
no object (hammer away) work hard and persistently:
Aを一生懸命［こつこつと］やる
e.g. for six months I have been hammering away at a plot.
with object drive or secure (something) by striking with or as if with a hammer:
【物に】〈くぎなど〉を打ち込む(in) «into»;〈箱のふたなど〉を打ち付ける(down, up); 〈物〉をつちで打って作る(together); 〖～ A B/A into B〗 AをたたいてB〈状態〉にする (!Bは前者は〖形容詞〗, 後者は〖名詞〗)
e.g. he hammered the tack in
e.g. he was hammering leather soles onto a pair of small boots.
(hammer something in/into) instill (an attitude, idea, or habit) forcefully or repeatedly:
【人の頭などに】〈言葉･考えなど〉をたたき込む(in) «into»
e.g. the “diversity is good” message is hammered into them.
2. informal attack or criticize forcefully and relentlessly:
｟主に英･くだけて｠ 〈敵･相手〉を激しく攻撃［非難］する
e.g. he got hammered for an honest mistake.
utterly defeat in a game or contest:
｟英･くだけて/報道｠ 〈試合の相手など〉を一方的にやっつける(thrash); …に打撃を与える
e.g. they hammered St. Louis 6–0.
PHRASES
come under the hammer (or go under the hammer)
be sold at an auction.
hammer and tongs
informal energetically, enthusiastically, or with great vehemence:
e.g. all the way to the bottom, Larry could hear them clanging away, hammer and tongs.
hammer something home
see home.
PHRASAL VERBS
hammer something out
1. make something by shaping metal with a hammer.
2. laboriously work out the details of a plan or agreement:
e.g. a deal was being hammered out with the Dutch museums.
3. play a tune loudly or clumsily, especially on the piano.
DERIVATIVES
hammerless |ˈhamərləs| adjective
hammerer noun
ORIGIN
Old English hamor, hamer, of Germanic origin: related to Dutch hamer, German Hammer, and Old Norse hamarr ‘rock’. The original sense was probably ‘stone tool’.