leave
$ \mathrm{leave}^1 | lēv |
/icons/point.icon 別れる
divorce: 法的に結婚生活を終わらせることで, 自動詞他動詞いずれの用法もある
離婚相手を示さない場合はget divorcedとbe divorcedのいずれも可能だが, 〘話〙 では前者の方が普通
夫婦のどちらか一方が離婚を希望していることを示す場合はget/give a divorceも用いられる
separate (from ...): 夫婦や恋人･同性愛者同士が別居することをいい, 親子の別居にも用いる
break up (with ...): 夫婦･恋人関係を終えることをいうが, 普通の対人関係や仕事上の関係にも用いる. また, 結婚や人間関係を主語にしてそれらが破綻することも表す
split up (with ...): 〘ややくだけて〙 で, 夫婦･恋人などとの関係を終えることをいう
leave: 新しい人との関係を始めるために, 現在の相手のもとを去ること
/icons/point.icon 出発する
leave, depart: ある場所を離れることをいう
depart: 〘かたく〙 で用いられ, 〘かたい文〙 では「死ぬ」の婉曲表現として「旅立つ」の意でも用いる
start: 移動行為を開始することに焦点がある
set off, set out: 共に出発することを意味するが, 長旅や困難な旅路への出発にはset outが好まれる傾向がある.
https://gyazo.com/f3dbb2c4a8ce4e3a334bdb76f1cc3f77
source: [魔女の修行に出発するキキが両親とキスをするGIF画像｜無料GIF画像検索 GIFMAGAZINE 75117]
verb (past and past participle left | left | ) with object
1. go away from:
〖leave A(for B)〗 〈人･乗り物が〉(B〈場所〉へ向かって, B〈事〉のために)A〈場所〉を去る, 離れる, 〈部屋･家などを〉出る(↔ arrive)
e.g. she left New York on June 6
e.g. no object : we were almost the last to leave
e.g. the Bruins left for Toronto on Monday.
depart from permanently:
人が〉〈家･故郷など〉を(永久に)後にする, 出て行く; 〈人が〉〈人〉のもとを去る
e.g. at the age of sixteen he left home.
cease attending (a school or college) or working for (an organization):
〖～ A (for B)〗 (B〈組織〉に入るために)A〈組織〉をやめる, 退職する; 〈学校〉を卒業, 退学する
e.g. she is leaving NBC after 20 years.
2. allow to remain:
〖leave (A) B/B(for A)〗 〈人が〉(A〈人〉に)B〈物･余地･時間など〉を残しておく, 作って, 取っておく
e.g. the parts he disliked he would alter and the parts he didn't dislike he'd leave.
(be left) remain to be used or dealt with:
〖A be left〗 A〈物･時間･事など〉が残っている, ある; 〖have A left〗 Aが残されている
e.g. we've even got one of the plum puddings left over from last year
e.g. a retired person with no mortgage left to pay.
go away from a place without taking (someone or something):
leave behind A: A〈痕跡･記録･遺産など〉を後に残す
e.g. we had not left any of our belongings behind
e.g. figurative : women had been left behind in the struggle for pay equality.
abandon (a spouse or partner):
(新しい人と生活を始めるために)〈夫･妻･恋人･同性愛の相手〉と別れる, …を見捨てる
e.g. her boyfriend left her for another woman.
have as (a surviving relative) after one's death:
｟かたく｠ 〈人が〉〈家族など〉を残して死ぬ; 〖～ A C〗 A〈家族など〉をC〈状態〉にして死ぬ (!Cは〖名詞〗〖形容詞〗; 進行形にしない)
e.g. he leaves a wife and three children.
bequeath:
〖～(A) B/～ B (to A)〗 (A〈人･団体など〉に)B〈遺産など〉を残す
e.g. Harry had left her $5,000 a year for life
e.g. he left $500 to the Police Athletic League.
3. cause (someone or something) to be in a particular state or position:
〖leave AC〗 〈人･物･事が〉A〈人･物･事〉をC〈状態〉にしておく, する, 放っておく (!Cはopen, free, intact, untreated, emptyなどの〖形容詞〗やon, off, outといった〖副詞〗など)
e.g. he'll leave you in no doubt about what he thinks
e.g. I'll leave the door open
e.g. the children were left with feelings of loss.
let (someone) do or deal with something without offering help or assistance:
〖～ A doing/to do〗 〈人･物･事が〉A〈人･物〉に…させておく
e.g. infected people are often rejected by family and friends, leaving them to face this chronic condition alone.
cause to remain as a trace or record:
〈事･物･人が〉〈跡･傷･証拠など〉を残す
e.g. dark fruit that would leave purple stains on the table napkins
e.g. figurative : they leave the impression that they can be bullied.
deposit or entrust to be kept, collected, or attended to:
〖leave (A) B/B(for A)〗 〈人が〉(A〈人〉に)B〈伝言･メモ･包みなど〉を残す, 置いて行く
e.g. she left a note for me.
(leave something to) entrust a decision, choice, or action to (someone else, especially someone considered better qualified):
〈人が〉 【人に】〈物･事〉を任せておく, させておく «to» ; 【人･場所に】〈物･事〉を託す, ゆだねる, 任せる «with»
e.g. the choice of which link to take is generally left up to the reader.
noun
(in pool, billiards, snooker, croquet, and other games) the position of the balls after a shot.
PHRASES
be left at the post
be beaten from the start of a race or competition.
be left for dead
be abandoned as being almost dead or certain to die.
be left to oneself
be allowed to do what one wants: women, left to themselves, would make the world a beautiful place to live in.
be in the position of being alone or solitary: left to himself, he removed his shirt and tie.
leave someone/something alone
see alone.
leave someone be
informal refrain from disturbing or interfering with someone.
leave someone cold
fail to interest someone: the Romantic poets left him cold.
leave hold of
cease holding.
leave it at that
abstain from further comment or action: if you are not sure of the answers, say so, and leave it at that.
leave much (or a lot) to be desired
be highly unsatisfactory.
PHRASAL VERBS
leave off
discontinue (an activity): the dog left off chasing the sheep.
come to an end: he resumed the other story at the point where the previous author had left off.
leave someone/something out
fail to include: it seemed unkind to leave Daisy out, so she was invited too | (as adjective left out) : Janet was feeling rather left out.
leave something off
omit to put on: a bolt may have been left off the plane's forward door during production.
DERIVATIVES
leaver noun
ORIGIN
Old English lǣfan‘bequeath’, also ‘allow to remain, leave in place’ of Germanic origin; related to German bleiben ‘remain’.
$ \mathrm{leave}^2 | lēv |
/icons/point.icon 休み
holiday: 国の祝祭日の意. しばしばholidaysとなり, 〘米〙 では年末年始の祝祭日が続く期間, 〘英〙 では仕事･学校のない長期･短期の休暇や, 休暇旅行をさす
vacation: 〘米〙 では仕事･学校のない休暇や休暇旅行の意で用いる. 〘英〙 では通例大学の休暇･法廷の休廷期間をさすが〘ややまれ〙
break: 〘くだけて〙 で仕事(･〘英〙 授業)の合間に挟む小休憩や, 短い休暇をいう
leave: 祝祭日に関わらず, 出産や育児などを理由にとる休暇や, 軍人の休暇
day off: 1週間のうちで仕事に従事しなくてよい日
病気による休暇も含む
time off: 仕事に従事しなくてよい時間
病気による休暇も含む
noun
1. (also leave of absence) time when one has permission to be absent from work or from duty in the armed forces: 仕事や軍隊の任務を欠席する許可を持っている時の期間
休暇; 休暇期間
e.g. Joe was home on leave: ジョーは休暇で家にいた。
e.g. he took a leave of absence last year.: 彼は昨年休暇期間を取った。
2. often with infinitive permission: 許可
｟かたく｠ «…する» 許可(permission) «to do»
e.g. he is seeking leave to appeal the injunction.: 彼は差し止めを求めることの許可を探し求めている。
PHRASES
by (or with) your leave
with your permission: with your leave, I will send him your address.
take one's leave
formal say goodbye: he went to take his leave of his hostess.
take leave of one's senses
see sense.
ORIGIN
Old English lēaf‘permission’, of West Germanic origin; related to lief and love.
$ \mathrm{leave}^3 | lēv |
verb no object
(of a plant) put out new leaves:
〈植物が〉葉を出す(leaf).
e.g. trees leaved, wild flowers burst in profusion on the far side of the lake.
ORIGIN
Middle English: from the same Germanic base as leaf.