score
原義は「(20の)刻み目」; 昔, 羊などを数えるときに20頭ごとに棒に刻み目をいれた
https://gyazo.com/56dc077e862436b937882a6863713bb6
source: June | 2017 | the HipCrime Vocab
noun
1. the number of points, goals, runs, etc. achieved in a game or by a team or an individual:
(試合の)得点, スコア, 得点状況［結果］
e.g. the final score was 25–16 in favor of Washington.
informal an act of gaining a point, goal, or run in a game.
a rating or grade, such as a mark achieved in a test:
｟米｠ 【学科(の試験)の/試験の】得点, 点数(｟英｠ mark) «in/on»
e.g. an IQ score of 161.
(the score) informal the state of affairs; the real facts about the present situation:
e.g. “Hey, what's the score here, what's goin' on?”.
informal an act of buying illegal drugs.
｟米･くだけて｠ 入手すること.
informal the proceeds of a crime.
2. (plural same) a group or set of twenty or about twenty: 20、もしくは約20のグループや集合
｟書｠ (およそ)20
e.g. a score of men lost their lives in the battle: およそ20人の男たちがその戦闘で命を落とした。
e.g. Doyle's success brought imitators by the score.: ドイルの成功は大量の模倣者をもたらした。
(scores of) a large amount or number of something:
｟書｠ ; 〖～s of A〗 非常に多くのA〈人･物〉 (!強調表現)
e.g. he sent scores of enthusiastic letters to friends.
3. a written representation of a musical composition showing all the vocal and instrumental parts arranged one below the other.
〘楽〙 楽譜; 総譜, スコア; (映画･演劇用の)音楽
the music composed for a movie or play.
4. a notch or line cut or scratched into a surface.
刻み目, 切り込み線, 折り線
historical a running account kept by marks against a customer's name, typically in a tavern.
verb with object
1. gain (a point, goal, run, etc.) in a competitive game:
【試合･競技で/反則などで】〈点〉を取る, 得点する «in/off» ; 【学科(の試験)で/試験で】〈点数〉を取る «in/on»
e.g. Penn State scored two touchdowns in the fourth quarter
e.g. no object : Martinez scored on Anderson's sacrifice fly.
decide on the score to be awarded to (a competitor):
(試合･試験などで)〈点〉を与える; 〖～ A B/B for ［to］ A〗 〈審判などが〉A〈人･チーム〉にB〈点〉を与える
e.g. the judge must score each dog against this standard.
gain (a number of points) for a competitor; be worth:
(試合･競技で)…の点になる
e.g. each correct answer scores ten points.
decide on the scores to be awarded in (a game or competition):
e.g. the three judges each scored the bout 100–86 for the Panamanian.
no object record the score during a game; act as scorer.
(試合･競技の)得点を記録する
Baseball cause (a teammate) to score:
e.g. McNab singled, scoring Reynolds and Diaz.
informal secure (a success or an advantage):
〈成功･勝利など〉を収める
e.g. the band scored a hit single.
informal buy or acquire (something, typically illegal drugs):
｟米･くだけて｠ 〈物〉を手に入れる
｟俗｠ (麻薬を)手に入れる
e.g. Sally had scored some acid.
no object informal succeed in attracting a sexual partner for a casual encounter.
｟俗｠ 〈主に男が〉 【初対面の相手と】セックスする «with»
2. orchestrate or arrange (a piece of music), typically for a specified instrument or instruments:
〖通例be ～d〗 〈曲が〉(楽器［合唱］用に)編曲される
e.g. the Quartet Suite was scored for flute, violin, viola da gamba, and continuo.
compose the music for (a movie or play).
3. cut or scratch a notch or line on (a surface):
【刃物などで】〈肉･紙などの表面〉に切り込み［線］を入れる «with»
e.g. score the card until you cut through.
historical record (a total owed) by making marks against a customer's name:
e.g. a slate on which the old man scored up vast accounts.
4. Medicine & Biology examine (experimentally treated cells, bacterial colonies, etc.), making a record of the number showing a particular character.
PHRASES
keep score (keep the score)
register the score of a game as it proceeds.
know the score
informal be aware of the essential facts about a situation.
on that score (or on this score)
so far as that (or this) is concerned:
e.g. my priority was to blend new faces into the team and we have succeeded on that score.
score points
outdo another person, especially in an argument.
settle (or pay) a (or the) score
1. take revenge on someone for a past act.
2. dated pay off a debt or other obligation.
ORIGIN
late Old English scoru‘set of twenty’, from Old Norse skor ‘notch, tally, twenty’, of Germanic origin; related to shear. The verb (late Middle English) is from Old Norse skora ‘make an incision’.