stroke
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noun
1. an act of hitting or striking someone or something; a blow:
打つこと, 一打ち; (雷などの)一撃
e.g. he received three strokes of the cane.
a method of striking the ball in sports or games.
(テニス･ゴルフなどで)ボールを打つこと, ストローク
Golf an act of hitting the ball with a club, as a unit of scoring:
e.g. won by two strokes.
the sound made by a striking clock.
(時計･鐘などの)時を打つ音
2. a mark made by drawing a pen, pencil, or paintbrush in one direction across paper or canvas:
(ペン･絵筆などの)動作; (ペン･絵筆などで書かれた)線, 筆の跡; 筆致.
e.g. the paint had been applied in careful, regular strokes.
a line forming part of a written or printed character.
a short printed or written diagonal line typically separating characters or figures.
｟英｠ (数字を区切る)斜線(slash)
3. an act of moving one's hand across a surface with gentle pressure:
〖通例単数形で〗なでること; ひとなで.
e.g. massage the cream into your skin using light upward strokes.
4. a movement, especially one of a series, in which something moves out of its position and back into it; a beat:
e.g. the ray swam with effortless strokes of its huge wings.
the whole motion of a piston in either direction.
the rhythm to which a series of repeated movements is performed:
〘スポーツ〙 (水泳の)一かき, (オールの)一こぎ
e.g. the rowers sing to keep their stroke.
a movement of the arms and legs forming one of a series in swimming.
style of moving the arms and legs in swimming:
〖通例単数形で〗泳ぎ［こぎ］方
e.g. front crawl is a popular stroke.
(in rowing) the mode or action of moving the oar.
(also stroke oar) the oar or oarsman nearest the stern of a boat, setting the timing for the other rowers.
(ボートの)整調手
5. a sudden disabling attack or loss of consciousness caused by an interruption in the flow of blood to the brain, especially through thrombosis.
〖通例単数形で〗(脳)卒中, (卒中などの)発作
verb with object
1. move one's hand with gentle pressure over (a surface, especially hair, fur, or skin), typically repeatedly; caress:
(優しく)…をなでる, さする
e.g. he put his hand on her hair and stroked it.
apply (something) to a surface using a gentle movement:
e.g. she strokes blue eyeshadow on her eyelids.
North American informal reassure or flatter (someone), especially in order to gain their cooperation:
｟主に米･くだけて｠ 〈人〉をおだてる
e.g. production executives were expert at stroking stars and brokering talent.
2. act as the stroke of (a boat or crew):
e.g. he stroked Penn's rowing eight to victory.
3. hit or kick (a ball) smoothly and deliberately:
(滑らかに)A〈ボール〉を打つ, ける (!〖副詞〗は方向･場所の表現) .
e.g. Miller calmly stroked three-pointers throughout the tournament.
score (a run or point) by hitting or kicking a ball smoothly:
e.g. the senior stroked a two-run single.
PHRASES
at a stroke (or at one stroke)
by a single action having immediate effect:
e.g. attitudes cannot be changed at one stroke.
not do a stroke of work (or never do a stroke of work)
do no work at all.
on the stroke of ——
precisely at the specified time:
e.g. he arrived on the stroke of two.
put someone off their stroke
disconcert someone so that they do not work or perform as well as they might; break the pattern or rhythm of someone's work.
stroke of genius
an outstandingly brilliant and original idea.
stroke of luck (stroke of good luck)
a fortunate occurrence that could not have been predicted or expected.
stroke of business
a profitable transaction.
ORIGIN
Old English strācian‘caress lightly’, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch streek ‘a stroke’, German streichen ‘to stroke’, also to strike. The earliest noun sense ‘blow’ is first recorded in Middle English.