bend
$ \mathrm{bend}^1 | bend |
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verb (past and past participle bent | bent | )
1. with object shape or force (something straight) into a curve or angle:
…(の方向)を曲げる, 屈折させる(↔ straighten, unbend)
e.g. the rising wind bent the long grass.
no object (of something straight) be shaped or forced into a curve or angle:
〖～＋副詞〗 〈体の部位･物などが〉曲がる, 屈折する, たわむ, しなる (!〖副詞〗は方向･様態の表現)
e.g. the oar bent as Lance heaved angrily at it.
no object, usually with adverbial of direction (of a road, river, or path) deviate from a straight line in a specified direction; have a sharply curved course:
〈道などが〉 «…に» 方向を曲げる, 向かう «to, toward(s)»
e.g. the road bent left and then right
e.g. the river slowly bends around Davenport.
2. no object (of a person) incline the body downward from the vertical:
〖～＋副詞〗 〈人が〉身をかがめる, 体を傾ける, かがみ込む; 〈人の頭が〉下がる, うなだれる (!〖副詞〗は方向･様態の表現)
e.g. I bent over my plate
e.g. he bent down and picked her up
e.g. with infinitive : he bent to tie his shoelaces.
with object move (a jointed part of the body) to an angled position:
〈人が〉〈頭〉を下げる; 〈背中〉を曲げる, 丸める
e.g. extend your left leg and bend your right
e.g. Irene bent her head over her work.
3. force or be forced to submit:
«…に» 〈人〉を屈服させる, 従わせる «to»
e.g. with object : they want to bend me to their will
«…に» 屈服する, 従う «to, before»
e.g. no object : a refusal to bend to mob rule.
with object interpret or modify (a rule) to suit oneself or somebody else:
〈規則など〉を曲げる, 拡大解釈する, あえて破る
e.g. we cannot bend the rules, even for Darren.
4. with object direct or devote (one's attention or energies) to a task:
｟かたく｠ «…に» 〈努力･熱意･関心･視線など〉を傾ける, 向ける, 傾注する «to»
e.g. Eric bent all his efforts to persuading them to donate some blankets
«…に» 努力, 熱意, 関心を傾ける «to»
e.g. no object : she bent once more to the task of diverting the wedding guests.
5. with object Nautical attach (a sail or rope) by means of a knot:
e.g. sailors were bending sails to the spars.
noun
1. a curve, especially a sharp one, in a road, river, racecourse, or path.
【道路･パイプなどの】湾曲, 屈折部分, カーブ «in»
2. a curved or angled part or form of something:
e.g. making a bend in the wire.
3. a kind of knot used to join two ropes, or to tie a rope to another object, e.g. a carrick bend.
〘船〙 (ロープの)結索, 結び目
4. (the bends) decompression sickness, especially in divers.
〖the ～s; 単複両扱い〗 潜水病(caisson disease)
PHRASES
bend someone's ear
informal talk to someone, especially with great eagerness or in order to ask a favor:
e.g. she regularly bent Michael's ear with her problems.
bend one's elbow
North American drink alcohol:
e.g. it didn't take long before we were all bending our elbows at the bar.
on bended knee(s)
see knee.
around the bend (or British round the bend)
informal crazy; insane:
e.g. I'd tell you if you were going around the bend.
bend over backward
see backward.
DERIVATIVES
bendable | ˈbendəb(ə)l | adjective
ORIGIN
Old English bendan‘put in bonds, tension a bow by means of a string’, of Germanic origin; related to band1.
$ \mathrm{bend}^2 | bend |
noun Heraldry
an ordinary in the form of a broad diagonal stripe from top left (dexter chief) to bottom right (sinister base) of a shield or part of one.
ORIGIN
late Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French bande, Old French bende ‘flat strip’.