surrender
sur- "over" + rendre "give back" (see render (v.))
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verb no object
cease resistance to an enemy or opponent and submit to their authority:
〈国･砦（とりで）･人などが〉 «…に» 降伏する, 降参する; 捕虜になる, 自首する(submit) «to»
e.g. over 140 rebels surrendered to the authorities.
with object give up or hand over (a person, right, or possession), typically on compulsion or demand:
｟かたく｠ (仕方なく)〈権利･地位･希望など〉を放棄する, 捨てる; 〈所有物〉を譲り渡す.
e.g. in 1815 Denmark surrendered Norway to Sweden
【敵などに】〈軍隊･領土･武器など〉を引き渡す, 明け渡す «to» ; 〖～ oneself〗 «…に» 自首する; 降伏する «to»
e.g. they refused to surrender their weapons.
with object (in a sports contest) lose (a point, game, or advantage):
e.g. she surrendered only twenty games in her five qualifying matches.
(surrender to) abandon oneself entirely to (a powerful emotion or influence); give in to:
【感情･悪癖などに】身を任せる, ゆだねる, 負ける «to»
e.g. he was surprised that Miriam should surrender to this sort of jealousy
e.g. he surrendered himself to the mood of the hills.
with object (of an insured person) cancel (a life insurance policy) and receive back a proportion of the premiums paid.
(掛け金の一部払い戻しを受け)〈保険〉を解約する
noun
the action of surrendering.
引き渡し, 明け渡し; 降伏, 自首; 放棄
the action of surrendering a life insurance policy.
(保険の)解約.
ORIGIN
late Middle English (chiefly in legal use): from Anglo-Norman French (see sur-1, render).