render
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verb with object
1. provide or give (a service, help, etc.):
〖～ A B/B to A〗 A〈人など〉にB〈援助･貢献など〉を与える, 行う
e.g. money serves as a reward for services rendered
e.g. Mrs. Evans would render assistance to those she thought were in real need.
submit or present for inspection or consideration:
〈報告書など〉を提出する
e.g. he would render income tax returns at the end of the year.
deliver (a verdict or judgment):
〈陪審･当局などが〉〈決定など〉を伝える, 言い渡す
e.g. the jury's finding amounted to the clearest verdict yet rendered upon the scandal.
literary hand over:
e.g. he will render up his immortal soul.
2. with object and complement cause to be or become; make:
〖～ A C〗 〈事･物が〉A〈人･物〉をC〈状態〉にする(make) (!Cは〖形容詞〗; コーパスCはしばしば-less, in-など否定的意味を伴うもの)
e.g. the rains rendered his escape impossible.
3. represent or depict artistically:
«…で» …を表現する, 表す «as, in»
e.g. the eyes and the cheeks are exceptionally well rendered.
perform (a piece):
…を演じる, 演奏する
e.g. a soprano solo reverently rendered by Linda Howie.
translate:
«…に» …を翻訳する(translate) «into» .
e.g. the phrase was rendered into English.
Computing process (an outline image) using color and shading in order to make it appear solid and three-dimensional.
4. covertly send (a foreign criminal or terrorist suspect) for interrogation abroad; subject to extraordinary rendition.
5. melt down (fat):
(調理して)〈脂肪など〉をよく溶かす; 〈肉など〉の脂肪を溶かして落とす(down)
e.g. the fat was being cut up and rendered for lard.
process (the carcass of an animal) in order to extract proteins, fats, and other usable parts:
e.g. (as adjective rendered) : the rendered down remains of sheep.
6. cover (stone or brick) with a coat of plaster:
〘建〙 (セメントなどで)〈壁など〉に下塗りする
e.g. external walls will be rendered and tiled.
noun
a first coat of plaster applied to a brick or stone surface.
DERIVATIVES
renderer noun
ORIGIN
late Middle English: from Old French rendre, from an alteration of Latin reddere ‘give back’, from re- ‘back’ + dare ‘give’. The earliest senses were ‘recite’, ‘translate’, and ‘give back’ (hence ‘represent’ and ‘perform’); ‘hand over’ (hence ‘give help’ and ‘submit for consideration’); ‘cause to be’; and ‘melt down’.