farm
https://gyazo.com/cd8e7044993b9f018ec02e32f8b70d71
noun
an area of land and its buildings used for growing crops and rearing animals, typically under the control of one owner or manager:
農場, 農園 (!広大な敷地で家屋･納屋･サイロを含む)
e.g. a farm of 100 acres
e.g. as modifier : farm workers.
the main dwelling place on a farm; a farmhouse:
＝ farmhouse
e.g. a half-timbered farm.
with modifier a place for breeding a particular type of animal or producing a specified crop:
〖修飾語を伴って〗飼育場, 養殖場
e.g. a fish farm.
with modifier an establishment at which something is produced or processed:
…施設, …場; 石油(製品)の貯蔵庫; 下水利用農場(sewage farm)
e.g. an energy farm.
verb
1. no object make one's living by growing crops or keeping livestock:
農場を経営する, 土地を耕作する
e.g. he has farmed organically for five years.
with object use (land) for growing crops and rearing animals, especially commercially:
〈土地〉を耕す
e.g. marshes are being drained in order to farm the land.
with object breed or grow commercially (a type of livestock or crop, especially one not normally domesticated or cultivated):
〈家畜〉を育てる, 飼育する; 〈作物〉を栽培する
e.g. ostriches are farmed in South Africa and Australia.
2. with object (farm someone/something out) send out or subcontract work to others:
【人に】A〈仕事〉を任せる, 下請に出す «to»
e.g. it saves time and money to farm out some writing work to specialized companies.
arrange for a child or other dependent person to be looked after by someone, usually for payment:
(一定額で)〈労働･サービス〉を提供する, 請け負う; 〈子供など〉の世話を請け負う.
e.g. the babies are farmed out for five years.
dated send a sports player to a farm team:
A〈野球選手〉を二軍にやる
e.g. he was farmed out in 1938 and '39 and came back for two games in 1940.
3. with object historical allow someone to collect and keep the revenues from (a tax) on payment of a fee:
e.g. the customs had been farmed to the collector for a fixed sum.
PHRASES
bet the farm
North American informal risk everything that one owns on a bet, investment, or enterprise:
e.g. they're betting the farm on this merger bid.
buy the farm
North American informal die.
from farm to fork (also from farm to table)
used to refer to the various processes in the food chain from agricultural production to consumption:
e.g. a catering industry initiative that allows certified traceability of fresh meat and eggs from farm to fork
e.g. as modifier : each of these countries has farm-to-fork legislation.
DERIVATIVES
farmable |ˈfärməb(ə)l| adjective
ORIGIN
Middle English: from Old French ferme, from medieval Latin firma ‘fixed payment’, from Latin firmare ‘fix, settle’ (in medieval Latin ‘contract for’), from firmus ‘constant, firm’; compare with firm2. The noun originally denoted a fixed annual amount payable as rent or tax; this is reflected in farm (sense 3 of the verb), which later gave rise to ‘to subcontract’ (farm (sense 2 of the verb)). The noun came to denote a lease, and, in the early 16th century, land leased for farming. The verb sense ‘grow crops or keep livestock’ dates from the early 19th century.