base
$ \mathrm{base}^1 |bās|
noun
1. the lowest part or edge of something, especially the part on which it rests or is supported:
基底, 基部, 土台, 台, ふもと, つけ根
e.g. she sat down at the base of a tree.
Architecture the part of a column between the shaft and pedestal or pavement.
Botany & Zoology the end at which a part or organ is attached to the trunk or main part:
e.g. a shoot is produced at the base of the stem.
Geometry a line or surface on which a figure is regarded as standing:
底辺; 底面
e.g. the base of the triangle.
Surveying a line of known length used in triangulation.
〘測量〙 基線(baseline)
Heraldry the lowest part of a shield.
2. a conceptual structure or entity on which something draws or depends:
(政治･経済活動などの)基盤, 母体; 支持者層
e.g. the town's economic base collapsed.
something used as a foundation or starting point for further work; a basis:
(知識･構想などの)基礎, 根拠, 根底, 下地(basis)
e.g. uses existing data as the base for the study.
with modifier a group of people regarded as supporting an organization, for example by buying its products:
e.g. a client base.
3. a place used as a center of operations by the armed forces or others; a headquarters:
(活動の)起点, 本拠地, 中心地; (軍の)基地
e.g. the corporal headed back to base
e.g. a base for shipping operations.
the main place where a person works or stays:
e.g. she makes the studio her base.
4. a main or important element or ingredient to which other things are added:
〖通例単数形で〗(食品･薬品などの)ベース, 主成分
e.g. soaps with a vegetable oil base.
a substance such as water or oil into which a pigment is mixed to form paint.
(塗料の)下塗り
a substance used as a foundation for makeup:
メークアップ用下地
e.g. her makeup artist works with base, eye makeup, and lipstick.
5. Chemistry a substance capable of reacting with an acid to form a salt and water, or (more broadly) of accepting or neutralizing hydrogen ions. Compare with alkali.
〘化〙 塩基
Biochemistry a purine or pyrimidine group in a nucleotide or nucleic acid.
6. Electronics the middle part of a bipolar transistor, separating the emitter from the collector.
7. Linguistics the root or stem of a word or a derivative.
〘言〙 語幹, 語根
the uninflected form of a verb.
8. Mathematics a number used as the basis of a numeration scale.
〖通例単数形で〗〘数〙 基数
a number in terms of which other numbers are expressed as logarithms.
(対数の)底
9. Baseball one of the four stations that must be reached in turn to score a run.
〘野球〙 塁, ベース
informal used to refer to progressive levels of sexual intimacy:
e.g. she and her boyfriend got to second base.
verb with object
1. have as the foundation for (something); use as a point from which (something) can develop:
〖base A on ［｟かたく｠ upon］ B〗 A〈判断･推論･構想など〉の基礎［根拠］をB〈考え･事実など〉に置く, B〈事実など〉をもとにA〈推論など〉を構築する (!しばしば受け身で)
e.g. the film is based on a novel by Pat Conroy
e.g. inaccurate conclusions based on incomplete facts.
2. situate as the center of operations:
〖be based in ［at］ A〗 〈組織などが〉A〈場所〉を拠点とする; 〈人などが〉Aに配置される
e.g. as adjective, in combination (-based) : a London-based band
e.g. a research program based at the University of Arizona.
PHRASES
off-base
informal mistaken:
e.g. the boy is way off-base.
touch base (US also touch bases)
informal briefly make or renew contact with someone:
e.g. they are travelling back to Star City, where they plan to touch base with relatives.
ORIGIN
Middle English: from Old French, from Latin basis ‘base, pedestal’, from Greek.
$ \mathrm{base}^2 |bās|
https://gyazo.com/d2644245b79bcd2cda5190b35c0c6eba
source: Cioccolata | JoJo's Bizarre Adventure | Know Your Meme
/icons/point.icon BASE, LOW, VILE mean deserving of contempt because of the absence of higher values.
BASE stresses the ignoble and may suggest cruelty, treachery, greed, or grossness.
e.g. base motives
LOW may connote crafty cunning, vulgarity, or immorality and regularly implies an outraging of one's sense of decency or propriety.
e.g. refused to listen to such low talk
VILE, the strongest of these words, tends to suggest disgusting depravity or filth.
e.g. a vile remark
adjective
1. (of a person or a person's actions or feelings) without moral principles; ignoble:
｟文｠ 〈行為などが〉(道徳的に)恥ずべき, さもしい, 卑劣な, 卑しい
e.g. the electorate's baser instincts of greed and selfishness
e.g. we hope his motives are nothing so base as money.
2. archaic denoting or befitting a person of low social class.
3. (of coins or other articles) not made of precious metal:
〈金属などが〉質の悪い, 価値の低い; 劣悪な; 偽の
e.g. the basest coins in the purse were made in the seventh century ad.
DERIVATIVES
basely |ˈbāslē| adverb
ORIGIN
late Middle English: from Old French bas, from medieval Latin bassus ‘short’ (found in classical Latin as a cognomen). Early senses included ‘low, short’ and ‘of inferior quality’; from the latter arose a sense ‘low in the social scale’, and hence (mid 16th century) ‘reprehensibly cowardly, selfish, or mean’.