cast
$ \mathrm{cast}^1 |kast|
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source: a relaxed snuf fishing by the shore | Tumblr
verb (past and past participle cast |kast| )
1. usually with adverbial of direction mainly literary throw (something) forcefully in a specified direction:
｟文｠ ; 〖～ A (＋副詞)〗 〈人などが〉A〈石･さいころなど〉を投げる, ほうる (!〖副詞〗は場所･方向の表現; この意味では通例throwを用いる)
e.g. figurative : individuals who do not accept the norms are cast out from the group
e.g. lemmings cast themselves off the cliff.
throw (something) so as to cause it to spread over an area:
｟主に書｠ ; 〖～ A (＋副詞)〗 〈物などが〉〈光･影･影響など〉を投げかける, 投じる, 向ける; 〈魔法･呪いなど〉をかける (!〖副詞〗はon, overなどの場所･方向の表現)
e.g. the fishermen cast a large net around a school of tuna
e.g. figurative : he cast his net far and wide in search of evidence.
throw the hooked and baited end of (a fishing line) out into the water.
〈釣り糸〉を投げ入れる
let down (an anchor or sounding line).
direct (one's eyes or a look) at something:
〈人などが〉〈非難･疑い･視線など〉を向ける, 注ぐ
e.g. she cast down her eyes
e.g. with two objects : she cast him a desperate glance.
2. with adverbial of place cause (light or shadow) to appear on a surface:
｟主に書｠ ; 〖～ A (＋副詞)〗 〈物などが〉〈光･影･影響など〉を投げかける, 投じる, 向ける(!〖副詞〗はon, overなどの場所･方向の表現)
e.g. the moon cast a pale light over the cottages
e.g. figurative : running costs were already casting a shadow over the program.
cause (uncertainty or disparagement) to be associated with something:
〈人などが〉〈非難･疑い･視線など〉を向ける, 注ぐ
e.g. journalists cast doubt on the government's version of events
e.g. I do not wish to cast aspersions on your honesty.
3. with adverbial of direction discard:
…を投げ捨てる, 落とす
e.g. the issue was cast from the list of concerns.
shed (skin or horns) in the process of growth:
〈ヘビが〉〈皮〉を脱ぎ落とす
e.g. the antlers are cast each year.
(of a horse) lose (a shoe).
4. with object shape (metal or other material) by pouring it into a mold while molten:
〈像など〉を鋳造する
e.g. when hammered or cast, bronze could be made into tools.
make (a molded object) by pouring metal or other material into a mold while molten:
鋳造される［できる］
e.g. a bell was cast for the church.
arrange and present in a specified form or style:
e.g. he issued statements cast in tones of reason.
5. register (a vote):
…を計算する, 合算する.
e.g. residents turned out in record numbers to cast their votes.
6. cause (a magic spell) to take effect:
〈魔法･呪いなど〉をかける
e.g. the witch cast a spell on her to turn her into a beast
e.g. figurative : the city casts a spell on the visitor.
7. calculate and record details of (a horoscope):
〈運勢〉を占う
e.g. you can look at the star chart cast at somebody's birth.
8. no object, usually with adverbial of direction (in country dancing) change one's position by moving a certain number of places in a certain direction along the outside of the line in which one is dancing:
e.g. cross the set and cast down one place.
9. no object Hunting (of a dog) search in different directions for a lost scent:
e.g. the dog cast furiously for the vanished rabbit.
let loose (hounds) on a scent:
e.g. casting the hounds into cover, we stood and listened.
noun
1. an object made by shaping molten metal or similar material in a mold:
鋳造(物); 鋳型（いがた）(｟米｠ mold, ｟英｠ mould)
e.g. bronze casts of the sculpture.
(also plaster cast) a mold used to make an object by casting:
e.g. the artist's casts and molds became the property of the museum.
(also plaster cast) a bandage stiffened with plaster of Paris, molded to the shape of a limb that is broken, and used to support and protect it:
〘医〙 ギプス(plaster cast)
e.g. I had to spend a month in a cast.
2. an act of throwing something forcefully:
(石･さいころ･視線などを)投げること, ひと投げ; 投げた距離
e.g. he grabbed a spear for a third cast.
Fishing a throw of a fishing line:
(釣り糸･投網（とあみ）を)投げ入れること
e.g. I swung the rod out for a cast.
archaic at dice, a throw or a number thrown:
e.g. 'tis no winning cast.
3. in singular, with adjective or noun modifier the form or appearance of something, especially someone's features or complexion:
｟文｠ 色合い, 気味.
e.g. she had a somewhat masculine cast of countenance
e.g. the colors he wore emphasized the olive cast of his skin.
the character of something:
｟主に英･かたく｠ 様子, 特徴; 気質 (!通例修飾語を伴って)
e.g. this question is for minds of a more philosophical cast than mine.
4. a slight squint:
｟やや古｠ (軽度の)斜視, やぶにらみ.
e.g. he had a cast in one eye.
5. a convoluted mass of earth or sand ejected onto the surface by a burrowing worm.
(ミミズなどの)盛った土
a pellet regurgitated by a hawk or owl.
ふん
6. Hunting a search made by a hound or pack of hounds over a wide area to find a trail.
猟犬［牧羊犬］が走り回ること
PHRASES
be cast in a — mold
(of a person) be of the type specified:
e.g. he was cast in a cautious mold.
cast one's eyes over
have a quick appraising look at:
e.g. he was invited to cast his eyes over the exhibition.
cast one's mind back
think back to a particular event or time:
e.g. he cast his mind back to the fatal evening.
PHRASAL VERBS
cast about (or cast around or cast round)
search far and wide (physically or mentally):
e.g. he is restlessly casting about for novelties.
from cast1 (sense 9 of the verb).
be cast away
be stranded after a shipwreck:
e.g. he returned home three years after being cast away on the island.
be cast down
feel depressed:
e.g. she was greatly cast down by abusive criticism of her novels.
cast off (or cast something off)
1. Knitting take the stitches off the needle by looping each over the next to finish the edge:
e.g. when the piece of knitting is long enough, cast off
e.g. cast off a few stitches at the armhole.
2. set a boat or ship free from its moorings:
e.g. the boatmen cast off and rowed downriver
e.g. Jack cast off our moorings.
(cast off) (of a boat or ship) be set free from its moorings:
e.g. the ferry cast off and made a beeline for the pier.
3. let loose a hunting hound or hawk.
4. Printing estimate the space that will be taken in print by manuscript copy.
cast someone off
exclude someone from a relationship:
e.g. you told me your family had cast you off.
cast on (or cast something on)
Knitting make the first row of a specified number of loops on the needle:
e.g. cast on and knit a few rows of stockinette stitch.
cast something up
1. (of the sea) deposit something on the shore:
e.g. she would collect objects cast up by the tides.
2. dated add up figures:
e.g. he could cast up intricate accounts in his head.
cast aside
discard or reject:
e.g. they cast aside the principles of their youth.
ORIGIN
Middle English: from Old Norse kasta ‘to cast or throw’.
$ \mathrm{cast}^2 |kast|
noun
the actors taking part in a play, film, or other production:
〖通例the ～; 集合的に; 単複両扱い〗 (映画などの)出演者全員; 配役, キャスト
e.g. he draws sensitive performances from his inexperienced cast.
verb (past and past participle cast) with object
assign a part in a play, film, or other production to (an actor):
〈人〉に «…の» 役を割り当てる «as» ; 〈映画など〉の配役を決める; 〈役柄〉を決める; 〈人が〉 «…の典型と» 〈人〉を見なす, 描く «as»
e.g. he was cast as the Spanish dancer
e.g. figurative : a campaign for good nutrition, in which red meat is cast as the enemy.
allocate parts in (a play, film, or other production):
e.g. assembling a great baseball team is as tricky as casting a play.
ORIGIN
mid 17th century: a special use of cast1 in cast1 (sense 4 of the verb).