polar
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adjective
1. relating to the North or South Pole:
〖通例the ～; 名詞の前で〗 南［北］極の; 極(地)の
e.g. the polar regions.
(of an animal or plant) living in the north or south polar region.
Astronomy relating to the poles of a celestial body.
Astronomy relating to a celestial pole.
Geometry relating to the poles of a sphere. See pole2.
Biology relating to the poles of a cell, organ, or part.
2. Physics & Chemistry having electrical or magnetic polarity.
〘電〙 (磁石の)極の, 磁極の
(of a liquid, especially a solvent) consisting of molecules with a dipole moment.
〘化〙 (有)極性の
(of a solid) ionic.
3. directly opposite in character or tendency:
｟かたく｠ 〖名詞の前で〗(性質･性格などが)正反対の, 対極的な
e.g. depression and its polar opposite, mania.
noun
1. Geometry the straight line joining the two points at which tangents from a fixed point touch a conic section.
2. Astronomy a variable binary star which emits strongly polarized light, one component being a strongly magnetic white dwarf.
ORIGIN
mid 16th century: from medieval Latin polaris ‘heavenly’, from Latin polus ‘end of an axis’ (see pole2).