lump
$ \mathrm{lump}^1 |ləmp|
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noun
a compact mass of a substance, especially one without a definite or regular shape:
(小さな)かたまり
e.g. there was a lump of ice floating in the milk.
a swelling under the skin, especially one caused by injury or disease:
〘医〙 «…の» こぶ, しこり, 腫れ物, 腫瘍 «in, on»
e.g. he was unhurt apart from a huge lump on his head.
a small cube of sugar.
角砂糖(lump sugar)
informal a heavy, ungainly, or slow-witted person:
｟英話｠ まぬけ, のろま.
e.g. I wouldn't stand a chance against a big lump like you.
verb
1. with object and adverbial put in an indiscriminate mass or group; treat as alike without regard for particulars:
〖～ A and B/A (in) with B〗 AをBと一緒くたにする, ひとまとめにする(together); …をひとまとめにして扱う, 考える
e.g. Hong Kong and Bangkok tend to be lumped together in travel brochures
e.g. he tends to be lumped in with the crowd of controversial businessmen.
no object (in taxonomy) classify plants or animals in relatively inclusive groups, disregarding minor variations.
2. no object (lump along) proceed heavily or awkwardly:
ドシンドシンと歩く(along)
e.g. I came lumping along behind him.
PHRASES
a lump in the throat
a feeling of tightness or dryness in the throat caused by strong emotion, especially sadness:
e.g. there was a lump in her throat as she gazed down at her uncle's gaunt features.
take (or get) one's lumps
informal, chiefly North American suffer punishment; be attacked or defeated.
ORIGIN
Middle English: perhaps from a Germanic base meaning ‘shapeless piece’; compare with Danish lump ‘lump’, Norwegian and Swedish dialect lump ‘block, log’, and Dutch lomp ‘rag’.
$ \mathrm{lump}^2 |ləmp|
verb with object (lump it) informal
accept or tolerate a disagreeable situation whether one likes it or not:
｟くだけて｠ ; 〖～ it〗 嫌でも受け入れる, 我慢する
e.g. you can like it or lump it but I've got to work.
ORIGIN
late 16th century (in the sense ‘look sulky’): symbolic of displeasure; compare with words such as dump and grump. The current sense dates from the early 19th century.