load
https://gyazo.com/64e0334d77b0976b808147bd160b8534
noun
1. a heavy or bulky thing that is being carried or is about to be carried:
(車･船･人などによって運ばれる大量の･重い)荷物, 荷, 積み荷 (!コーパスC名詞だが個数よりも「運ぶべき荷物」といった点に重点があるので前に数詞を伴うのは一般的ではない)
e.g. in addition to their own food, they must carry a load of up to eighty pounds.
the total number or amount that can be carried in something, especially a vehicle of a specified type:
【積み荷･乗客などの】積載量, 1台分, 1回分 «of» (!しばしばtruckload, carload, busload, trainloadなどの複合語で用いる)
e.g. a tractor-trailer load of new appliances.
an amount of items washed or to be washed in a washing machine or dishwasher at one time:
(洗濯機･食洗機の使用で) 【洗濯物･食器の】1回分 «of»
e.g. I do at least six loads of washing a week.
the material carried along by a stream, glacier, ocean current, etc.:
e.g. the streams deposited their loads, leaving thin sheets of gravel or sand.
2. a weight or source of pressure borne by someone or something:
(労働･作業の)ノルマ, 負担, 負荷; (人･機械が一度にできる)仕事量
e.g. the increased load on the heart caused by a raised arterial pressure
e.g. the arch has hollow spandrels to lighten the load on the foundations.
the amount of work to be done by a person or machine:
〖通例単数形で〗負荷; (建築物などが支える)重み, 荷重
e.g. Arthur has a light teaching load.
a burden of responsibility, worry, or grief:
〖通例単数形で〗(精神的な)負担, 重荷, 責任感(burden)
e.g. consumers will find it difficult to service their heavy load of debt.
3. (a load of) informal a lot of (often used to express disapproval or dislike of something):
｟しばしばけなして｠ ; 〖a ～ of A〗 山ほど［たんまり, しこたま］のA(a lot of A)
e.g. she was talking a load of garbage.
(a load/loads) plenty:
〖～s; 副詞的に〗 大いに, たいそう
e.g. she spends loads of money on clothes
e.g. there's loads to see here, even when it rains.
4. the amount of power supplied by a source; the resistance of moving parts to be overcome by a motor:
〘電〙 荷重, 負荷; 電力量.
e.g. if the wire in the fuse is too thin to accept the load it will melt.
the amount of electricity supplied by a generating system at any given time.
Electronics an impedance or circuit that receives or develops the output of a transistor or other device.
verb with object
1. put a load or large amount of something on or in (a vehicle, ship, container, etc.):
〈車など〉に荷物を積む(up);
e.g. they load up their dugout canoes.
place (a load or large quantity of something) on or in a vehicle, ship, container, etc.:
〖load (up) A into ［onto］ B〗 〈人が〉B〈車など〉にA〈荷物など〉を積む, B〈救急車など〉にA〈人〉を積み込む, 載せる (!コーパスupは通例intoやontoの直前に置かない) ;
e.g. stolen property from a burglary was loaded into a taxi.
no object (of a ship or vehicle) take on a load:
〈人が〉(船･車などに)荷物を積む, 〈飛行機･船などが〉乗客を乗せる; 【荷物を】積む(up) «with» (↔ unload); 〈人が〉 【車などに】乗り込む «into, onto»
e.g. when we came to the quay the ship was still loading.
(load up on) informal take, buy, or consume a large amount of:
｟くだけて｠ (A〈物〉を)買いだめする
e.g. I just went down to the store and loaded up on beer.
2. make (someone or something) carry or hold a large or excessive amount of heavy things:
«…を» …にいっぱい載せる; «…で» …をいっぱいにする, 充満させる; «…を» …に詰め込む «with»
e.g. Elaine was loaded down with bags full of shopping.
(load someone/something with) supply someone or something with (something) in overwhelming abundance or to excess:
e.g. the King and Queen loaded Columbus with wealth and honors.
bias toward a particular outcome:
(通常, 不正に)〈さいころなど〉に詰め物をする; (狙った返事が出るように)〈質問など〉を細工する; 〈酒など〉に混ぜ物をする.
e.g. the odds were loaded against them before the match.
3. charge (a firearm) with ammunition:
(使用できるように)〈銃〉に弾丸を入れる［込める, 装塡する］
e.g. he began to load the gun.
insert something into (a device) so that it can be operated:
(使用できるように)〈カメラ･プレーヤーなど〉にフィルム［CD］を入れる［込める］
e.g. load your camera before you start.
insert (something) into a device so that it will operate:
e.g. load the cassette into the camcorder.
Computing transfer (a program or data) into memory, or into the central processor from storage:
〘コンピュ〙 〈コンピュータ･人が〉(使用できるように) 【コンピュータ(の記憶装置)などに/ドライブなどから】〈データ･プログラム〉を読み込む, ロードする «into, onto, on/from» ; 〈コンピュータ〉にプログラムを読み込ませる.
e.g. when the program is loaded into the microcomputer, the CPU carries out each instruction.
4. add an extra charge to (an insurance premium) in the case of a poorer risk.
PHRASES
get a load of
informal used to draw attention to someone or something:
e.g. get a load of what we've just done.
get a load on (also have a load on)
US informal, dated become drunk:
e.g. he got a load on and decided he was going to break every window in the street.
load the bases
Baseball (of the team at bat) fill all three bases with runners; (of a pitcher) allow all three bases to be occupied by runners.
load the dice against someone
put someone at a disadvantage.
load the dice in favor of someone
put someone at an advantage.
take a load off one's feet
sit or lie down.
take a load off someone's mind
bring someone relief from anxiety:
e.g. providing the income you will need after you stop work can take a load off your mind.
ORIGIN
Old English lād ‘way, journey, conveyance’, of Germanic origin: related to German Leite, also to lead1; compare with lode. The verb dates from the late 15th century.