desert
『英語類義語活用辞典』 p.20
何かを放棄すること abandon / desert / leave
leave がこの3つの中では感情的含みがもっとも少ない
他の2つはそれぞれの感情的プレッシャーの強い言葉である
abandon は、それまで深くかかわってきた人間関係や物事を何かの事情で捨てなければならなくない羽目になったことを意味している
"Abandon Ship!" 難破して沈んでゆく船の船長が船員に命令するとき
desert は abandon と同じく、感情的または義務的に深く関与したものを捨てるのみらず、法律的な義務を放棄し去ることにウエイトがある
desert は元来軍隊用語で、"deserter" は「敵前逃亡兵」のことで厳罰（しばしば死刑）に処せられた
"desertion" は夫が扶養の義務を放棄して家族を捨てて逃亡することの法律用語
A man who dserted his wife and children has abandoned all his moral and legal obligations to his family.
A man who leaves his wife and children can still be legally honorable if he continues to support his family.
$ \mathrm{desert}^1 /dɪˈzɜːt/
verb (deserts, deserted, deserting)
1 transitive desert somebody to leave somebody without help or support
SYNONYM abandon
e.g. She was deserted by her husband.
e.g. Don’t worry—I won’t desert you.
2 transitive, often passive desert something to go away from a place and leave it empty
SYNONYM abandon
3 ​intransitive, transitive to leave the armed forces without permission
desert something
4 ​transitive to leave an organization or stop doing an activity, especially in a way that is considered bad and disloyal
desert something
desert something for something
5 ​transitive desert somebody if a particular quality deserts you, it is not there when you need it
Idioms
(like rats) deserting/leaving a sinking ship
​(humorous, disapproving) used to talk about people who leave an organization, a company, etc. that is having difficulties, without caring about the people who are left
ORIGIN
Middle English: via Old French from late Latin desertum ‘something left waste’, neuter past participle of deserere ‘leave, forsake’.
e.g.
/fethreehousesdialogue/散策・鉄血の鷲獅子/蒼月 Blood of the Eagle and Lion#64659f48bdb0e5000047be7e
$ \mathrm{desert}^2
/ˈdezərt/
noun
(C), (UC)
​a large area of land that has very little water and very few plants growing on it. Many deserts are covered by sand.
TOPICS Geography A2
Collocations
adjective
arid, barren, dry
verb + desert
become, turn into, turn to
desert + verb
stretch
desert + noun
area, country, land…
preposition
across the desert, through the desert, in the desert
Idioms
somebody’s deserts (somebody’s (just) deserts)
​what somebody deserves, especially when it is something bad
Word Origin
late Middle English: from Old French deserter, from late Latin desertare, from Latin desertus ‘left waste’ (see desert2).
e.g.
/fe3hdialogue/散策・剣と盾の凱旋 Tempest of Swords and Shields#64659fa9bdb0e5000047be80