EUI-48
付加されたビットをextensionと呼ぶ。
https://gyazo.com/508cfb3e43a0d13d74c48de7820458e5
When an EUI is used as a MAC address (for example, an IEEE 802 network address), the two least significant bits of the initial octet (Octet 0) are used for special purposes. The least significant bit of Octet 0 (the I/G bit) indicates either an individual address (I/G=0) or group address (I/G=1), and the second least significant bit of Octet 0 (the U/L bit) indicates universal (U/L=0) or local (U/L=1) administration of the address. A universally administered address is intended to be a globally unique address.
https://image.itmedia.co.jp/ait/articles/0107/05/wi-macaddress.gif