Homesteading the Noosphere and the Theory of Exchange Modes
From "Homesteading the Noosphere"(Japanese translation):
Most of the methods of human organization are adaptive behaviors in response to scarcity and desire. Each method has separate means of acquiring social status.
... There is a completely different third model that is not well recognized by anyone other than anthropologists. This is the gift culture. Original English: Gift cultures are adaptations not to scarcity but to abundance. ... In gift cultures, social status is determined not by what you control but by what you give away.
It is closely related to Exchange Mode A in terms of gift culture.
However, it seems like a low-resolution expression to identify it as Exchange Mode A. The point that it is an adaptation to abundance, not scarcity, is important.
The exchange in the era when Exchange Mode A was born was the exchange of tangible goods. Digital goods have a low cost of replication, so they become abundant as soon as they are created. From the invention of the printing press to the advancement of the internet, the cost of replicating and transporting written words has decreased.
This led to the emergence of the academic community, a community of knowledge exchange.
Knowledge exchange is also a form of exchange.
The replicable nature is similar to digital goods.
Uncertain whether to call this Exchange Mode D, as the boundary between A and D is not clear.
Kojin Karatani seems to find a greater meaning in Exchange Mode D, so summarizing a grand plan into something smaller.
Personally, I don't believe that the diverse range of exchange activities can be classified into the four frameworks of A to D.