reciprocity
Reciprocity is a concept used in cultural anthropology, economics and sociology. In anthropology, it refers to a relationship of obligatory gift-giving and mutual support. In Japanese, the term "reciprocity" is also used.
Reciprocity is characterized by group symmetry. The movement of goods and services between groups promotes give-and-take and creates interdependence.
Karl Polanyi identified reciprocity as one of the main patterns of social integration, along with redistribution and exchange. Marshall Sahlins added to the analysis by classifying reciprocity into three categories: generalized reciprocity, which is common among close relatives; balanced reciprocity, which is an equivalent exchange; and negative reciprocity, which is common in adversarial relationships. ---
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