monarch
https://gyazo.com/852ce7dde4d1d79a1fc1294ea602e0a8
source: By Hyacinthe Rigaud - wartburg.edu［dead link］, Public Domain
noun
1. a sovereign head of state, especially a king, queen, or emperor:
君主, 国王, 皇帝
e.g. the reigning monarch
e.g. this followed an attempt by the deposed monarch to regain his throne.
2. see monarch butterfly.
DERIVATIVES
monarchal |məˈnärkəl| adjective
monarchial adjective
monarchic |məˈnärkik| adjective
ORIGIN
late Middle English: from late Latin monarcha, from Greek monarkhēs, from monos ‘alone’ + arkhein ‘to rule’.