measure
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verb with object
1. ascertain the size, amount, or degree of (something) by using an instrument or device marked in standard units or by comparing it with an object of known size:
…のために/計器などで/単位で» 〈物(の大きさ･量･速さなど)〉を測る, 測定する «for/with/in»
e.g. the amount of water collected is measured in pints
e.g. they will measure up the room and install the cabinets.
be of (a specified size or degree):
〖measure C〗 (測定して)Cの大きさ, 長さ, 分量がある (!Cは数字で示される〖名詞〗; 進行形にしない)
e.g. the fabric measures 45 inches wide.
ascertain the size and proportions of (someone) in order to make or provide clothes for them:
【服などのために】〈人〉の寸法をとる «for»
e.g. he will be measured for his tuxedo next week.
(measure something out) take an exact quantity or fixed amount of something:
measure out: (必要分だけ)A〈物〉の分量を量る, 量り分ける
e.g. she helped to measure out the ingredients.
2. estimate or assess the extent, quality, value, or effect of (something):
«…によって» 〈人･事(の質･価値･効果など)〉を測る, 評価する, 判断する(up) «by»
e.g. it is hard to measure teaching ability.
(measure someone/something against) judge someone or something by comparison with (a certain standard):
【人･物･事と】〈人･物･事〉を比較する «against»
e.g. she did not need to measure herself against some ideal.
no object (measure up) reach the required or expected standard; fulfill expectations:
measure up: 資格がある, 基準に達している; 【期待･標準などに】達する, 匹敵する «to» (!しばしば否定文で)
e.g. I'm afraid we didn't measure up to the standards they set.
scrutinize (someone) keenly in order to form an assessment of them:
e.g. the two shook hands and silently measured each other up.
3. archaic travel over (a certain distance or area):
e.g. we must measure twenty miles today.
noun
1. a plan or course of action taken to achieve a particular purpose:
〖しばしば～s〗 «…する/…に対する» (公的な)対策, 手段, 措置, 処置 «to do/against»
e.g. cost-cutting measures
e.g. children were evacuated as a precautionary measure.
a legislative bill:
法案, 議案
e.g. the Senate passed the measure by a 48–30 vote.
archaic punishment or retribution imposed or inflicted on someone:
e.g. Sir Walter had hard measure dealt out to him by his vain and weak sovereign.
2. a standard unit used to express the size, amount, or degree of something:
(度量の)単位; 度量法
e.g. a furlong is an obsolete measure of length
e.g. tables of weights and measures.
a system or scale of standard measuring units:
寸法, 分量, 長さ, 重さ, 広さ
e.g. the original dimensions were in imperial measure.
a particular amount of something:
(ある)程度, 量; 〖a ～ of A〗 ある程度, 量のA〈事〉 (!AはU名詞; 多くも少なくもない量を表すが, 時に控えめ表現として多めの量を表す)
e.g. a measure of egg white as a binding agent.
a standard official amount of an alcoholic drink as served in a licensed establishment.
(パブなどでの酒の)規定量
a container of standard capacity used for taking fixed amounts of a substance.
a graduated rod or tape used for ascertaining the size of something.
メジャー, 計量器具〘物差し･巻き尺･計量カップなど〙
Mathematics a quantity contained in another an exact number of times; a divisor.
〘数〙 約数
Printing the width of a full line of type or print, typically expressed in picas.
〘印〙 行; (組まれた活字の)幅, 長さ
3. a certain quantity or degree of something:
｟かたく｠ ; 〖a ～ of A〗 A〈感情など〉の証（あかし）, 表れ
e.g. the states retain a large measure of independence.
an indication or means of assessing the degree, extent, or quality of something:
〈人気･力量など〉の基準, 目安, 物差し
e.g. it was a measure of the team's problems that they were still working after 2 a.m.
4. the rhythm of a piece of poetry or a piece of music.
拍子
a particular metrical unit or group:
UC｟やや古｠ (詩の)韻律, 格(meter)
e.g. measures of two or three syllables are more frequent in English prose.
North American any of the sections, typically of equal time value, into which a musical composition is divided, shown on a score by vertical lines across the staff; bar.
｟米｠ 〘楽〙 小節, 小節を区切る縦線(｟英｠ bar)
archaic a dance, typically one that is grave or stately:
e.g. now tread we a measure!
5. (measures) with modifier a group of rock strata.
PHRASES
beyond measure
to a very great extent:
e.g. it irritates him beyond measure.
for good measure
in addition to what has already been done, said, or given:
e.g. he added a couple of chili peppers for good measure.
in —— measure
to the degree specified: his rapid promotion was due in some measure to his friendship with the CEO.
measure one's words
consider (one's words or actions) carefully: I had better measure my words so as not to embarrass anyone.
take the measure of (or get the measure of or have the measure of)
assess or have assessed the character, nature, or abilities of (someone or something):
e.g. he's got her measure—she won't fool him.
ORIGIN
Middle English (as a noun in the senses ‘moderation’, ‘instrument for measuring’, ‘unit of capacity’): from Old French mesure, from Latin mensura, from mens- ‘measured’, from the verb metiri.