crusade
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source: By Émile Signol - http://nobility.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Jerusalem.jpg, Public Domain
noun (often Crusade)
a medieval military expedition, one of a series made by Europeans to recover the Holy Land from the Muslims in the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries.
〖通例the Crusades〗〘史〙 十字軍, 聖戦
a war instigated by the Church for alleged religious ends.
an organized campaign concerning a political, social, or religious issue, typically motivated by a fervent desire for change:
«…に反対する/…に賛成する/…するための» 改革［撲滅, 推進, 擁護］運動 «against/for/to do»
e.g. a crusade against crime.
verb no object
lead or take part in an energetic and organized campaign concerning a social, political, or religious issue:
«…に反対する/…に賛成する» 改革［撲滅, 推進, 擁護］運動に参加する «against/for»
e.g. he crusaded against gambling in the 1950s.
ORIGIN
late 16th century (originally as croisade): from French croisade, an alteration (influenced by Spanish cruzado) of earlier croisée, literally ‘the state of being marked with the cross’, based on Latin crux, cruc- ‘cross’; in the 17th century the form crusado, from Spanish cruzado, was introduced. The blending of these two forms led to the current spelling, first recorded in the early 18th century.