abject
ab- ‘away’ + jacere ‘to throw’
/icons/point.icon MEAN, IGNOBLE, ABJECT, SORDID mean being below the normal standards of human decency and dignity.
MEAN suggests small-mindedness, ill temper, or cupidity.
e.g. mean and petty satire
IGNOBLE suggests a loss or lack of some essential high quality of mind or spirit.
e.g. an ignoble scramble after material possessions
ABJECT may imply degradation, debasement, or servility.
e.g. abject poverty
SORDID is stronger than all of these in stressing physical or spiritual degradation and abjectness.
e.g. a sordid story of murder and revenge
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adjective
1. (of something bad) experienced or present to the maximum degree:
悲惨な, ひどい, 絶望的な〈状態など〉; 惨めな〈結果など〉
e.g. his letter plunged her into abject misery
e.g. abject poverty.
2. (of a person or their behavior) completely without pride or dignity; self-abasing:
卑屈な, (自分を捨て)盲従的な〈行為･人〉; 卑しむべき〈人〉
e.g. an abject apology.
DERIVATIVES
abjection | abˈjekSH(ə)n | noun
abjectly | ˈabˌjek(t)lē, ˌabˈjek(t)lē | adverb
abjectness | ˈabˌjek(t)nəs, ˌabˈjek(t)nəs | noun
ORIGIN
late Middle English (in the sense ‘rejected’): from Latin abjectus, past participle of abicere ‘reject’, from ab- ‘away’ + jacere ‘to throw’.