-ize
#suffix
〖動詞を作る〗…にする, …になる, …化する, …で処理する, 特定の方法で行う (/icons/alert.icon ｟英｠ は-iseとなるが, chastise, superviseのように｟米｠ ｟英｠ ともに-iseを用いる語もある)
1. (forming verbs) make or become: fossilize | privatize
(動詞を作って)にする、なる
(forming verbs) cause to resemble: Americanize
(動詞を作って)似させる
2. (forming verbs) treat in a specified way: pasteurize
具体的な方法で扱う
(forming verbs) treat or cause to combine with a specified substance: carbonize | oxidize
具体的な物質を組み合わせて扱う、組み合わせる
3. (forming verbs) follow a specified practice: agonize | theorize
具体的な実行を行わせる
(forming verbs) subject to a practice: hospitalize
実行に受けさせる
ORIGIN
from French -iser, via late Latin -izare from Greek verbs ending in -izein.
USAGE
The form -ize has been in use in English since the 16th century. The alternative spelling -ise (reflecting a French influence) is in common use, especially in British English. It is obligatory in certain cases: first, where it forms part of a larger word element, such as -mise (= sending) in compromise, and -prise (= taking) in surprise; and second, in verbs corresponding to nouns with -s- in the stem, such as televise (from television).
Adding -ize to a noun or adjective has been a standard way of forming new verbs for centuries, and verbs such as characterize, terrorize, and sterilize were all formed in this way hundreds of years ago. Some traditionalists object to recent formations of this type: during the 20th century, objections were raised against prioritize, finalize, and hospitalize, among others. There doesn't seem to be any coherent reason for this, except that verbs formed from nouns tend, inexplicably, to be criticized as vulgar formations. Despite objections, it is clear that -ize forms are an accepted part of the standard language.