emergence
Abiogenesis – Natural process by which life arises from non-living matter Anthropic principle – Philosophical principle about the occurrence of sapient life in the Universe Big History – Academic discipline which examines history from the Big Bang to the present Consilience – Principle that evidence from independent, unrelated sources can "converge" on strong conclusions Dynamical system – Mathematical model of the time dependence of a point in space Emergenesis – The result of a specific combination of several interacting genes Epiphenomenon – Secondary phenomenon that occurs alongside or in parallel to a primary phenomenon Free will – Ability to make choices without constraints Generative science – Study of how complex behaviour can be generated by deterministic and finite rules and parameters Langton's ant – Two-dimensional Turing machine with emergent behavior Structuralism – Theory that elements of culture must be in terms of their relationship to a broader system Teleology – Things in terms of their apparent purpose, directive principle, or goal Synergetics (Haken)