binstub
実行可能なラッパースクリプト。
Binstubs are wrapper scripts around executables (sometimes referred to as "binaries", although they don't have to be compiled) whose purpose is to prepare the environment before dispatching the call to the original executable.
Rails開発で見かけるところのbin/railsやbin/rspec等もこれ。
$ less api/bin/rails
code:ruby
APP_PATH = File.expand_path('../config/application', __dir__)
require_relative '../config/boot'
require 'rails/commands'