etch
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0jzVjjRudfo
verb with object
1. engrave (metal, glass, or stone) by coating it with a protective layer, drawing on it with a needle, and then covering it with acid to attack the parts the needle has exposed, especially in order to produce prints from it:
〈金属板など〉にエッチングする, 食刻する; «…に» 〈絵や図案など〉をエッチングで描く «in, into, on» .
e.g. (as adjective etched) : etched glass windows.
use the etching process to produce (a print or design).
2. (of an acid or other solvent) corrode or eat away the surface of (something).
selectively dissolve the surface of (a semiconductor or printed circuit) with a solvent, laser, or stream of electrons.
3. cut or carve (a text or design) on a surface:
e.g. her initials were etched on the table
e.g. figurative : his name is etched in baseball history.
mark (a surface) with a carved text or design:
e.g. a Pictish stone etched with mysterious designs
e.g. figurative : her face was etched with tiredness.
cause to stand out or be clearly defined or visible:
〈輪郭線･模様〉をくっきり描く［浮かびあがらせる］ (!しばしば受け身で) .
e.g. Jo watched the outline of the town etched against the sky
e.g. (as adjective etched) : her finely etched profile.
(be etched) (of an experience, image, etc.) be permanently fixed in someone's memory:
｟文｠ 【心などに】…を刻み付ける, 刻み込む «in, on» .
e.g. the events remain etched in the minds of all who witnessed them.
noun
the action or process of etching something.
DERIVATIVES
etcher |ˈeCHər| noun
ORIGIN
mid 17th century: from Dutch etsen, from German ätzen, from a base meaning ‘cause to eat’; related to eat.