Integral Photography (Light-Field Photography) 1908
The idea of capturing light-field data to create 3D photographs was first proposed by Lippmann at the March 2, 1908 session of the French Academy of Sciences. The original term he used was "Photographies Integrales" ("Integral Photographs"). Today, based on Computational Photography, his discovery is becoming more important than ever!
http://www.tgeorgiev.net/Lippmann/FirstLightfield.jpg