Chronophotography
Chronophotography is a photographic technique from the Victorian era, which captures multiple phases of movements. The best known chronophotraphy works were mostly intended for the scientific study of locomotion, to discover practical information for animal handlers and/or as reference material for artists. Although many results were not intended to be exhibited as moving pictures, there is much overlap with the more or less simultaneous quest to register and exhibit photographic motion pictures.
E.J. Marey, Geometric Chronophotograph of the man in the black suit, 1883
http://goldberg.berkeley.edu/courses/S06/IEOR-QE-S06/ejm_chronophotograph01.jpg
https://smarthistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Mann_tra%CC%88gt_fu%CC%88r_ein_Experiment_einen_schwarzen_Anzug_der_weise_Linien_entlang_der_Glieder_hat_1883.jpeg
Woman Walking Down Stairs, a motion study photographed by Eadweard Muybridge using chronophotography, 1887
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/Female_nude_motion_study_by_Eadweard_Muybridge_%282%29.jpg