Blockchain: Transition of description and examples
■explanatory notes
- Example sentences or phrases
source of reference
URL
●before Satoshi Nakamoto
- Cipher Block Chaining: 1976 — This technique didn’t coin the word, but it’s the oldest construct I can find that is somewhat similar. Cypher block chaining does not utilize an event stream — a feature of all blockchains— so it’s a stretch to say that this is a precuror to modern usage of the word blockchain— but Cipher Block Chaining may have influenced the terminology of Satoshi, who(m) was(were) probably familiar with it.
Cryptography mailing list: Late 1997 — Discussions of HashCash use the phrase “block chain” to talk about an event stream of blocks using digital signatures. This is sort of close to what we want, because HashCash used a PoW concept, arguably as a consensus mechanism. The emails on this list the first uses I have found of the phrase “block chain” in a similar manner to modern usage.
richbodo, Usage of the word “blockchain”, 20 Sep2017
●2008
- a chain of blocks
(The term "blockchain" does not appear in Satoshi Nakamoto's paper)
Satoshi Nakamoto, "Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System", 31 Oct 2008
- For example, it is mentioned that if a broadcast transaction does not reach all nodes, it is OK, as it will get into the block chain before long.
Hal Finney, Cryptography Mailing List, "Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper", 06 November 2008
●2010
- The block chain is the main innovation of Bitcoin.
Theymos, Bitcoin Wiki "Block chain", 19 December 2010
●2011
- Each block contains a Proof-of-work that protects the block chain
Ptd, Bitcoin Wiki "Block chain", 18 January 2011
- A block chain is a transaction database shared by all nodes participating in a cryptocurrency such as Bitcoin.
JohnTobey253, Bitcoin Wiki "Block chain", 26 June 2011
●2013
- but unlike Bitcoin, messages only stay in the system to be downloaded by the receiver for two days, limiting the Bitcoin issue of “blockchain bloat”.
Vitalik Buterin, "The Next Year in Bitcoin: What 2013 Has in Store", Bitcoin Magazine, 3 Jan 2013
- To solve this, Bitcoin uses a construction called a “blockchain”,
Vitalik Buterin, "Overcoming Moral and Visceral Objections to Bitcoin: Good and Bad Responses", Bitcoin Magazine, 28 Jul 2013
- In a more general case, the fundamental idea that we can gleam from the blockchain concept is this:
Vitalik Buterin, "Bootstrapping An Autonomous Decentralized Corporation, Part 2: Interacting With the World", Bitcoin Magazine, 21 Sep 2013
- Rather than simply using the Bitcoin blockchain as a secure timestamping system to store its own blocks, Mastercoin uses the Bitcoin blockchain to store every transaction.
Vitalik Buterin, "Mastercoin: A Second-Generation Protocol on the Bitcoin Blockchain", Bitcoin Magazine, 4 Nov 2013
●2014
- blockchain: A list of validated blocks, each linking to its predecessor all the way to the genesis block.
Andreas M. Antonopoulos, "Quick Glossary", Mastering Bitcoin (2014 ?)
- Now, the transaction must be transmitted to the bitcoin network where it will become part of the distributed ledger (the blockchain)
Andreas M. Antonopoulos, "Chapter 2. How Bitcoin Works", Mastering Bitcoin (2014 ?)
- The blockchain paradigm
Gavin Wood, "ETHEREUM: A SECURE DECENTRALISED GENERALISED TRANSACTION LEDGER"
(Ethereum Yellow Paper) Final Draft (2014 ? )
●2015
- blockchain technology
- blockchain-based system
- the Bitcoin blockchain
- a blockchain with a built-in Turing-complete programming language
Ethereum White Paper, 18 Mar 2015
- In our vision of a decentralized IoT, the blockchain is the framework facilitating transaction processing and coordination among interacting devices.
IBM Institute for Business Value "Device democracy: Saving the future of the Internet of Things", 2015.
- A Blockchain is a distributed data store that is cryptographically updated between nodes.
Deku-shrub, Wikipedia "Blockchain" 21:08, 19 May 2015 (Item "Blockchain" was created in Wikipedia, maybe at this time. )
-“You should be taking this technology (=blockchain) as seriously as you should have been taking the development of the Internet in the early 1990s,” Masters, a lithe 46-year-old Englishwoman with auburn hair and the proper diction of the Home Counties, explains to the rapt audience. “It’s analogous to e-mail for money.”
Edward Robinson, Matthew Leising, "Blythe Masters Tells Banks the Blockchain Changes Everything", Bloomberg, 1 Sep 2015
- Bitcoin is merely an app. The underpinnings--known as "the blockchain" or "distributed ledger" technology--are nothing less than a vastly faster, cheaper and more secure way to manipulate money electronically. The blockchain is poised to become the dial tone for the 21st-century global economy.
Laura Shin, Bitcoin's Shared Ledger Technology: Money's New Operating System, Forbs, 9 Sep 2015
- A blockchain is nothing much more than a fancy kind of database. ......This is a technology that enables institutions to do what they do already today using databases, but a lot quicker, a lot cheaper with far lower error rates with less resulting risk and as a results with lower capital requirements and less vulnerability to cyberattack. That's a pretty long list of positive attributes.
Blythe Masters(Digital Assets CEO), Answering Bloomberg's Interview, 6 Oct 2015
Digital Assets CEO Blythe Masters Explains Blockchain
- The Linux Foundation, the nonprofit organization enabling mass innovation through open source, today announced a new collaborative effort to advance the popular blockchain technology.
- Blockchain is a digital technology for recording and verifying transactions.
- IBM intends to contribute tens of thousands of lines of its existing codebase and its corresponding intellectual property to this open source community. Digital Asset is contributing the Hyperledger mark, which will be used as the project name, as well as enterprise grade code and developer resources. R3 is contributing a new financial transaction architectural framework designed to specifically meet the requirements of its global bank members and other financial institutions.
“Distributed Ledger Technology will unlock the full ‘digital’ potential of capital markets and the wider financial services industry by enabling a shift away from the current reconciliation based systems that are very expensive and highly inefficient,”
Press Release, "Linux Foundation Unites Industry Leaders to Advance Blockchain Technology", , Linux Foundation, 17 Dec 2015. (1st Press Release for Hyperledger(open ledger) Project)
●2016
- A block chain is a type of database that takes a number of records and puts them in a block
UK Government Chief Scientific Adviser, "Distributed Ledger Technology: beyond block chain", Jan 2016
(Gartner classifies Blockchain as "At the Peak" in their "Hype Cycle of Emerging Technologies, 2016")
"Hype Cycle for Emerging Technologies, 2016", Gartner, 19 July 2016
- The new blockchain technology facilitates peer-to-peer transactions without any intermediary such as a bank or governing body.
Don Tapscott, author of "Blockchain Revolution", 2016(1st edition).
- Blockchain is a type of distributed ledger in which value exchange transactions (in bitcoin or other token) are sequentially grouped into blocks.
- While there is a great deal of interest the majority of blockchain initiatives are in alpha or beta phases and significant technology challenges exist.
Kasey Panetta, "Gartner’s Top 10 Strategic Technology Trends for 2017", Gartner, 18 Oct 2016 (Gartner chose the "blockchain" as one of the Top 10 trends)
●2017
(Gartner classifies Blockchain as "At the Peak" in their "Hype Cycle of Emerging Technologies, 2017")
Mike Walker , "Hype Cycle for Emerging Technologies, 2017", Gartner, 21 July 2017
●2018
- Blockchains are immutable digital ledger systems implemented in a distributed fashion (i.e., without a central repository) and usually without a central authority.
Draft NISTIR 8202, "Blockchain Technology Overview", NIST, Jan 2018
- CIOs should begin to embrace blockchain to explore strategic business initiatives, but avoid falling for the hype.
- “Blockchain has been the No. 1 search term on gartner.com since January 2017”
Kasey Panetta, "The CIO’s Guide to Blockchain", Gartner, 13 July 2018
- For example, blockchain could be a game changer for data security leaders, as it has the potential to increase resilience, reliability, transparency, and trust in centralized systems.
Kasey Panetta, "5 Trends Emerge in the Gartner Hype Cycle for Emerging Technologies, 2018", Gartner, 16 Aug 2018 (Gartner classifies Blockchain as "At the Peak" in their "Hype Cycle of Emerging Technologies, 2018")
- Blockchain is a foundational emerging technology of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, much like the internet was for the previous (or third) industrial revolution.
- Blockchain is more than just a tool to enable digital currencies.
- Our research and analysis identified more than 65 existing and emerging blockchain use-cases for the environment through desk-based research and interviews
World Economic Forum, "Building Block(chain)s for a Better Planet", Sep 2018
●2020
"3.6 blockchain
distributed ledger (3.22) with confirmed blocks (3.9) organized in an append-only, sequential chain using cryptographic links (3.16)
Note 1 to entry: Blockchains are designed to be tamper resistant and to create final, definitive and immutable (3.40)ledger records (3.44)."
ISO 22739:2020(en) Blockchain and distributed ledger technologies — Vocabulary
●Date unknown
- blockchain: A system in which a record of transactions made in bitcoin or another cryptocurrency are maintained across several computers that are linked in a peer-to-peer network.
Oxford living Dictionaries, Oxford University Press
- blockchain: A chain of blocks with each block referencing the block that preceded it. The most-difficult-to-recreate chain is the best block chain.
Bitcoin Developer Glossary, bitcoin.org (2019/02/05)
- Bitcoin depends on a distributed ledger system known as the blockchain.
"What Is a Blockchain?", Bitcoin Magazine, (2019/02/04)
- Hyperledger Fabric is a blockchain framework implementation and one of the Hyperledger projects hosted by The Linux Foundation.
Hyperledger Fabric Web Site (2019/02/04) ("Type" is DLT, description is "blockchain framework")